SOP - mid upper arm circumference (MUAC)
- The major determinants of MUAC are muscle and subcutaneous fat, both important determinants of survival in malnutrition and starvation.
- MUAC is less affected than weight and height based indices (e.g. Body Mass Index) by accumulation of fluid (i.e. nutritional oedema, periorbital oedema and ascites).
- So MUAC is a good predictor of mortality.
- It is recommended for identifying young children with, or at risk of, severe acute malnutrition and adults with acute energy deficiency.
- In children between 6-59 months old, MUAC <110 mm indicates severe acute malnutrition and is recommended as a criterion for admission to therapeutic feeding programmes.
- Values between 110 and 120/125 mm indicate moderate malnutrition.
- Values below 250 mm in adults indicate severe wasting.
(Note that MUAC is not sensitive enough to routinely monitor growth at young child clinics)
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